Materials and methods
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Jewellery, particularly when made with precious materials, is
generally considered valuable and desirable. A variety of precious
gemstones, coins or other precious items can be used, often set into
precious metals. Common metals used for jewellery include gold,
platinum or silver. Most gold alloys used in jewellery range from
10K to 22K gold, while platinum alloys range from 900 (90% pure) to
950 (95.0% pure). The silver used in jewellery is often sterling
silver.
Common gemstones that are used include diamonds, rubies, sapphires,
emeralds, and opals. Dozens more are also commonly used. |
Other commonly used materials include glass, such as fused glass or
enamel; wood, often carved or turned; shells and other natural
animal substances such as bone and ivory; and natural clay and
plasticine clays, such as polymer clay.
Beads are commonly used in jewellery. These may be made of many
different substances including glass, gemstones, wood, shells, clay
and polymer clay. Beaded jewellery commonly encompasses necklaces,
bracelets, earrings, and belts. Beads may be large or small. The
smallest type of beads commonly used are known as seed beads; these
are the beads used for the "woven" style of beaded jewellery.
Among uncommonly used materials are fish scales
Beadwork is the art or craft of attaching beads to one another or to
cloth using a needle and thread. Most beadwork takes the form of
jewelry or other personal adornment, but beads are also used in wall
hangings and sculpture.
Beadwork techniques are broadly divided into loom and off-loom
weaving, stringing, bead embroidery, bead crochet, and bead
knitting.
Most cultures have employed beads for personal adornment.
Archaeological records show that people made and used beads as long
as 5000 years ago. Beads have also been used for religious purposes,
as good luck talismans, and as curative agents. |
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